Which of the following is a component of integrated pest management (IPM)?

Incorporation of biological controls is a fundamental component of integrated pest management (IPM). IPM is a comprehensive approach that aims to manage pests in a way that minimizes risks to people, property, and the environment. Biological controls utilize natural predators, parasites, or pathogens to help manage pest populations, reducing the need for chemical pesticides. This method aligns with the IPM philosophy of using a variety of strategies to control pest issues rather than relying solely on one method.

By incorporating biological controls, pest management becomes more sustainable, as it leverages natural ecological processes. This can lead to long-term pest management solutions that are environmentally friendly and cost-effective. Utilizing biological controls also helps to maintain the balance of the ecosystem, promoting biodiversity and reducing the potential for pesticide resistance.

In contrast, strict reliance on chemical pesticides only is contrary to the IPM approach, which emphasizes a combination of techniques, including cultural, mechanical, and biological methods. Similarly, regularly scheduled pesticide applications and surveillance without action do not reflect the integrated and adaptive nature of IPM, which focuses on monitoring pest populations and applying control measures only when necessary.